Tia Gbegbɔgblɔ . 
Le ezãla siwo bia nu geɖe wu gome la, ɖeko nusiwo wozãna ɖaa mesɔ gbɔ o. Avu ƒe fefenu siwo wotsɔ rababa wɔe na amesiwo ɖua nu adãtɔe hiã nu tɔxɛ aɖe "dɔwɔwɔ kple nɔnɔme": ŋusẽ gã le dzoxɔxɔ gãwo me kple dzoxɔxɔ si bɔbɔ. Ne woɖui atraɖii naa ememe ʋuʋu, si le nu suewo me la, ehea dzoxɔxɔ ƒe gbegblẽ kple fafa vɛ.
Gake wotrɔ asi le elastomers siwo ŋu ŋusẽ le ŋutɔ ŋu be woanɔ te sesĩe. "Ŋusẽŋusẽ nyuitɔ kekeake" si le nusi wotsɔ wɔe ŋu fia be le gaƒoƒo geɖe ƒe ɖuɖu sesẽ megbe gɔ̃ hã la, fefenua léa eƒe xɔtuɖoɖo ƒe blibonyenye me ɖe asi. Esia nye nusi do tso dɔwɔwɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ pɛpɛpɛ me le ewɔwɔ me, afisi wowɔa polymer matrix ƒe domedome ƒe nɔnɔme wònyo wu be wòatsi dzoxɔxɔ ƒe ƒoƒo ɖe enu nu. Le lãɖula si ɖua nu dzikutɔe tɔ gome la, esia gɔmee nye nusi nɔa anyi ɣleti geɖe le esi teƒe be wòanɔ aɖabaƒoƒo geɖe, si naa eƒe nɔnɔme kple tsitretsitsi ƒe seƒe si nɔa anyi ɖaa si naa lãa ƒe dzɔdzɔmeŋutetewo dzea eŋu evɔ megblẽa dedienɔnɔ me o.
Avũ Fefewɔnuwo ƒe Rubber Sesẽwo ƒe Xɔtuɖoɖo ƒe Fɔmaɖimaɖi
Ðewohĩ nusiwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe ame dzi ŋutɔ zazã dzena wu le... avu ƒe fefenu siwo wotsɔ rababa sesẽ wɔe . Togbɔ be fefenu siwo me do le nɔa te ɖe ya ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu dzi hena nɔnɔme hã la, elastomer sesẽwo nɔa te ɖe woƒe molecule ƒe wɔwɔme ememetɔ dzi bliboe. Dzadzraɖo ɖe nɔnɔme sesẽ siawo ŋu bia be woatsɔ nusi ƒe tenɔnɔ ƒe ŋusẽ lolo eye wòate ŋu aʋã ŋutɔ be woakpɔ egbɔ be fefenua menye "brik sesẽ" dzro aɖe ko o, ke boŋ enye fefewɔnu si wɔa dɔ nyuie.
Esi wònye be wowɔ nu siawo be woawɔ ɖe RoHS 2.0, REACH, kple se siwo me PFAS mele o dzi ta la, fefenu sesẽ ƒe kpekpeme gã la mesɔ kple aɖi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ fũ o. Ke boŋ, dzɔdzɔme "sesẽ" fia polymer mass dzadzɛ si ŋu ŋusẽ le ŋutɔ si naa kpekpeme si naa dzidzeme ame kple bounce si woate ŋu agblɔ ɖi, si me agbe le. Nusi woate ŋu agblɔ ɖi sia le vevie ŋutɔ na fefe siwo wowɔna tsɔ xɔa nu kple wo xɔxɔ, afisi ŋutete si le nusi wotsɔ wɔe ŋu be wòate ŋu anɔ te ɖe nusiwo woƒo ɖe anyigba sesẽwo dzi—abe afɔtoƒe alo kpewo ene—emagbã alo agbã o la nye kpeɖodzi be eƒe xɔtuɖoɖo de ŋgɔ wu.
Nutome Dedienɔnɔ Kple Xexeame Katã ƒe Sedziwɔwɔ ƒe Dzidzenuwo ƒe Goma Avũ Fefenuwo
Le egbegbe asi me la, menye ŋutilã me tɔ koe adzɔnu aɖe ƒe "ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi" nye o; nutome ƒe nyae. Wodzraa elastomer-nu siwo ŋu ŋusẽ le ŋutɔ ɖo be woawɔ ɖe xexeame katã ƒe dedienɔnɔ ƒe dzidzenu sesẽtɔwo kekeake dzi, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye PAH, POP, kple TSCA. Ne wozã nu siawo le rababa aƒemelãwo ƒe fefenuwo , wotsɔa atike si me aɖi mele o naa aŋenu siwo ƒe asi bɔbɔ siwo me aŋenu siwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu le zi geɖe.
Alesi elastomer siawo ƒe atikewo li ke fia be womeɖea nusiwo le aƒemelã ƒe nu me o, ne wotsɔ wo de dzoxɔxɔ gã alo aɖuɖɔ si me acid le me gɔ̃ hã. "Dedienɔnɔ to aɖaŋu me" mɔnu sia kpɔa egbɔ be nusi wowɔ ƒe ŋusẽ gã la sɔ kple eƒe nugbagbewo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie. Le nuƒlelawo gome la, esia fia be susu nadze akɔ anyi, esi wonya be fefenu "sesẽ" si le yewoƒe aƒeme hã nye fefenu "dzadzɛ" si dea bubu woƒe aƒemelãwo ƒe lãmesẽ kple nutoa me ŋu.
Goma Avũ Fefenuwo’ Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe Nɔnɔme Vovovo: Ŋusẽ Gã le Yame ƒe Nɔnɔmewo Katã Me
Nu ɖedzesi siwo ɖe dzesi le elastomers siwo ŋu ŋusẽ le ŋutɔ ŋu dometɔ ɖekae nye woƒe ŋutete be woalé ŋusẽ gã me ɖe asi le dzoxɔxɔ gã me eye woate ŋu alé elasticity gã me ɖe asi le dzoxɔxɔ si bɔbɔ me. Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe hatsotso sia nye fefe-trɔla na gotagomenuwo. Rababa siwo wozãna tsã ƒe akpa gãtɔ doa kpo nu le nu eve siwo gbɔ eme dometɔ ɖeka me—woƒua du/wotrɔna le dzomeŋɔli ƒe dzoxɔxɔ me alo wogbãna le vuvɔŋɔli ƒe vuvɔ me.
To elastomer nusiwo gblẽa nu ŋutɔ zazã me la, ewɔlawo avu ƒe fefenu sesẽ siwo wotsɔ rababa wɔe kpɔ egbɔ be wowɔ dɔ le ƒe bliboa me. Molekyulã kɔsɔkɔsɔ siwo te ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe le elastomer la me ate ŋu akeke ahaɖe wo nɔewo evɔ womagbã woƒe kadodowo o. Eɖanye bɔl si wozãna tsɔ ƒoa fefe le ƒuta le dzoxɔxɔ si nye 40°C me alo fefenu si wotsɔ ɖua nu si wogblẽ ɖe akpata si me sno le le dzoxɔxɔ si nye -10°C me o, nusi wotsɔ wɔe la gakpɔtɔ nɔa ɖeka. Kakaɖedzi siae nye nusi ɖea adzɔnu nyuitɔ kekeake fiana le egbegbe ɣeyiɣia me: ŋutete si le ame si be wòawɔ dɔ vodadamanɔmee eɖanye gotagome nɔnɔme ka kee ɖale o.
Goma Avũ Fefenuwo : Dzidzenu Yeye si Ku Ðe Adzɔnu Siwo Woate Ŋu Anɔ te Ðe Nɔnɔme Nu Ŋu
Srɔ̃ɖeɖe si nye elastomer nu siwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe ame dzi ŋutɔ kple adzɔnuwo ƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛ aɖe ɖo dzidzenu yeye aɖe na nusi "si nɔa anyi didina" fia ŋutɔŋutɔ. To dzadzraɖo ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya deŋgɔ kple susu tsɔtsɔ ɖe molecule kple xɔtuɖaŋu siaa ŋu me la, míekpɔa nusiwo wowɔ fifia—abe avu ƒe fefenu siwo wotsɔ rababa wɔ dɔ sesẽwoe kple avu ƒe fefenu siwo wotsɔ rababa sesẽ wɔe —siwo womate ŋu agblẽ o kloe, esiwo me dzoxɔxɔ nɔa te, eye womegblẽa nu le nutome ŋu o.
Esi polymer dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya yi edzi le ŋgɔ yim la, ɖeko vovototo si le nu dzrowo kple elastomers siwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe ame dzi ŋutɔ dome la akeke ɖe enu. Le dɔ ɖesiaɖe si me kpododonu menye tiatia o eye dedienɔnɔ nye nu vevitɔ kekeake gome la, elastomer deŋgɔ siawo koe nye tiatia si me susu le, si naa ŋusẽ ƒe gɔmeɖoanyi si nɔa te ɖe ɣeyiɣi ƒe dodokpɔ nu.
Le ezãla siwo bia nu geɖe wu gome la, ɖeko nusiwo wozãna ɖaa mesɔ gbɔ o. Avu ƒe fefenu siwo wotsɔ rababa wɔ na amesiwo ɖua nu adãtɔe hiã nu tɔxɛ aɖe "dɔwɔwɔ kple nɔnɔme": ŋusẽ gã le dzoxɔxɔ gãwo me kple dzoxɔxɔ si bɔbɔ.
